The cooperative is an alternative to bureaucracy; these are collectives owned by members who collectively make decisions, determine goals, evaluate resources, set salaries, and assign work tasks. reference group Which of the following concepts is based on the central idea that those who control bureaucracies not only wield power but also have an interest in retaining their power? Maynard-Moody and Musheno (2003) find that street-level bureaucrats who had a favorable view of a client may bend rules to help them as much as they can, whereas when they held a negative view of a client, they may decline to apply rules, or apply those that do the bare minimum or disadvantage clients. It also does not consider indirect or systemic discrimination, which is often at the core deciding access and participation. c. ideal type b. This is all so ironic. Two tenets of bureaucracy are related to rules: management by ruleswhich relates to the organization of the officeand the requirement for written rules that can be learned (Weber 1946). The supervisor of the office has been informed that Sarah consistently extends her lunch hour by 30 . b. d. impersonality, A school district is run by a board of elected officials, which hires a superintendent, who in turn selects principals for its schools and other administrative staff. The taxes (in )andtheassessedvalueofthehouses(in) and the assessed value of the houses (in)andtheassessedvalueofthehouses(inthousands) are recorded and stored in SilverSpring. d. Karl Marx, We voluntarily join __________ organizations when we want to pursue some common interest or gain personal satisfaction or prestige from being a member. While they seem to pay tribute to values of equity, nondiscrimination, and participation, our analysis shows that there is need for additional engagement in these areas. For example, research on red tape (Bozeman 2000), green tape (DeHart-Davis 2009; , 2017), and rule behavior such as rule bending (Borry 2017; DeHart-Davis 2007) all relate to bureaucracys principles of written rules. the iron law of oligarchy c. Milgram's subjects knew about the nature of the study but agreed to participate anyway a. d. a greater emphasis on sharing information, d. a greater emphasis on sharing information, Jocelyn is a senior at the local university and plans to attend graduate school to study sociology. __________ suggest that groups involve unequal power relationships so that not all members of a group are not equally likely to have their needs met. Through the introduction of the HRBA and analysis of bureaucratic characteristics, specifically those related to merit and neutrality and to rules, we show how the core principles of bureaucracy may not be contributing to standards of equity and the upholding of human rights. Though equity was established as important E post-Minnowbrook in 1968, and in 2005, was declared the fourth pillar of public administration by NAPA, it has yet to obtain equal status as the other three values (Norman-Major 2011). A meta-analysis of the impact of red tape on people and organizations. This effort aims to improve the overall experience of interacting with government and administrative agencies, making it less bureaucratic and more streamlined. Joe would be considered the __________ leader of the group. Ray, Herd, and Moynihan (2022) argue that administrative burdensrequirements that clients must comply to receive government servicesare racialized and discriminatory. b. Future research could consider an outward look at how bureaucracies engage human rights. They do not truly consider the actual situation of humans within these organizations, their need, desires, and rights. a. c. bureaucracy's invisible quality And yet, it is not uncommon to stumble upon examples of humane and professional public service that pleasantly astound those who have become cynical about dealing with government. which members engage in face-to-face, emotion-based interactions over an extended period of time. __________ is the term for compliance in which people follow direct orders from someone in a position of authority. Verified Answer for the question: [Solved] Part of the movement to humanize bureaucracy includes_____ . For example, Woodard (2005) argues that merit has become more related to compensation than to values driving the public sector workforce. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. A component of a formal organization that uses rules and hierarchical ranking to achieve efficiency: Which definition describes the term emotional labor? These examples illustrate __________ in a bureaucratic organization. The case for corporate engagement, Paper presented at The Prince of Wales International Business Leaders Forum, Practicing rights: Human rights-based approaches to social work practice. Georg Simmel assimilation a. Which of these questions best describes the interests of ethnomethodologists? Implementing an HRBA approach means a first step in compliance with essential international human rights standards, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and other international human rights laws. Further, we have looked at bureaucracies mostly from a theoretical perspective favoring an American context. Cognitive Psychology - Memory. b. In which type of group is the participation of all members crucial to the survival of the group? What I found instead was a gushing tribute to PhilHealth. Early work on representative bureaucracy focused on social class (Kingsley 1944; his work focused on the British civil service), but contemporary work focuses relevant characteristics such as gender and race (e.g., Keiser et al. Within a bureaucracy, leaders have access to information that others in the organization do not have. 2 UDHR). That is, the potentially inconsistent application of rules, for various reasons noted above, can inhibit efforts toward nondiscrimination, create a lack of transparency and accountability and access by organizational members, and limit agency by employees of marginalized identities. c. Postmodern theorists discourage feelings of group superiority Cody feels very antagonistic toward the Bloods and Satan's Slaves. Learning b. This is achieved by formulating clear rules and criteria, and limiting the scope for personal discretion. 113. ", You want to develop a model to predict the taxes of houses, based on assessed value. Workers create ___ ____ to confront, resist, or adapt to the constraints of their jobs, as well as to guide and interpret social relations on the job. Not only did Weber worry about this iron cagean overemphasis on technical efficiency and rationality that leads to dehumanization and in which humans are trappedhe also worried about domination, or a concentration of power at the top (Weiss 1983). Part of the movement to humanize bureaucracy includes________________________. The result is an unwise decision. Its easy to warm up to him. What can we do with a rights-based approach to development? category d. rationality, Sociologists refer to the process of maintaining or changing behavior to comply with the norms established by a society, subculture, or other group as __________. A(n) __________ organization is a highly structured secondary group formed for the purpose of achieving specific goals in the most efficient manner. Borry, E. L., H. Getha-Taylor, and M. H. Holmes. Anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski suggested that culture helps people meet their needs. Despite the goal of consistent behaviorand perhaps leading to decreased individual power and autonomyresearch shows that rules are not strictly and blindly followed. He also loves taking pictures of public facilities that bear signs of chronic neglect, even as he marvels at the endless patience of Filipinos who seem not to notice. Review of Public Personnel Administration. Expressive But his application could not be processed because of a discrepancy between his name in the hospital records and his name as it appears in the members data record. d. formal others, Joaquin is a member of a group working on a project for his biology class. d. Individual, Cody is a member of the L.A. Crips. HR/PUB/12/2. To meet the instrumental and expressive needs of group members, A major difference between aggregates and social groups is that people in aggregates, share a common purpose but generally do not interact with one another. c. Relational Part of the movement to humanize bureaucracy includes, The tendency for a bureaucracy to be ruled by the few is termed. b. Robert Merton What are the three categories for formal organization? 8. Appropriate emotions for a given role or situation, Answer: B. __________ leadership is most appropriate when the group is dealing with emotional issues, and when harmony, solidarity, and high morale are needed. c. the CEO or other person who comes to be associated with a bureaucratic organization Over time, the emphasis has instead been on fair and equal treatment of those within the system: the understanding of what a merit-based system represents is shifting from a political context to a legal and social one, defining how employees are to be treated in public organizations (p. 1123). The informal activities within a bureaucracy. Latisha is a member of a group working on a research project for a class assignment. monarchy With bureaucracys emphasis on technical efficiency, organizations adhering to bureaucratic elements and assumptions may create a sense of bureaucratic impersonality or the loss of individual freedom, as Weber warned (Maley 2004). c. aggregate In addition, rule bending and breaking can lead to a lack of transparency and accountability, especially if rules are bent in a way to exclude employees from full participation in the organization. The discovery of feral children is important because they show the relevance of: The ______ is the most important agent of socialization in all societies. Explain elasticity of demand in your own words. secondary category Both enabling bureaucracy and green tapealong with recommendations for creating effective rulesare compatible with several elements of the HRBA, including participation, transparency and accountability, and empowerment. Whether from the standpoint of a bureaucrats qualifications (technical expertise and specialization) or the standpoint of structure (specialization and hierarchy), these three tenets of bureaucracy raise questions about their compatibility with principles of human rights in the HRBA framework. a. Joaquin is continuously trying to improve group harmony and reduce the conflict in the group. Human rights and human rights language can transfer what is seen as a need or charity to a claim or entitlement, which represents an important perceptional shift. They have to comply with the legal norms and standards laid down in international human rights instruments and national laws and can be held accountable in case of human rights violations. c. Human Rights Campaign Part of the movement to humanize bureaucracy includes a. more rigid hierarchical structures. The Pendleton Act of 1883, brought about by the assassination of James A. Garfield by someone denied a patronage appointment, mandated that federal positions be filled based on merit and not patronage practices. Achieving equity in public organizations entails not only acknowledging existing inequalities and issues, but also active engagement toward a more equitable bureaucratic structure and addressing underlying structural conditions, such as education, living standards, and employment access. active participation of both members is crucial to the survival of dyads. Social Easy Quiz 2. d. triad, Total institutions, such as boot camps, prisons, and some mental hospitals, are examples of __________ organizations. b. fad diffusion, "Bureaucratic personality" refers to_____________________________, Are political coalitions made up of individuals or groups that share a specific interest they wish to protect or advance with the help of the political system. Carol's mom asks her to come over for dinner, but Carol has 3 chapters to read for tomorrow's test. These raise questions about the dehumanizing effects of bureaucracy, something Weber himself cautioned. Blom and colleagues (2021) find that red tape has multiple negative impacts on employee well-being, role clarity, perceived autonomy, commitment to and satisfaction with work, motivation, intention to stay, and work engagement. What is a human rights-based approach to health and does it matter? Instrumental needs law and education, a. special interest groups b. the power elite. c. Groupthink Notably, red tape can be created (red tape at the start) or evolved (becomes red tape over time) (Bozeman 2000), though is it important to be clear that formalization and red tape are not the same. subjects chose to conform to the incorrect responses of Asch's assistants over onehalf (50 percent) of the time a. a married couple or domestic partnership of two people Gruskin, S., D. Bogecho, and L. Ferguson. Extending this logic, rules can be used in organizations that target employees in positive or negative ways. laissez-faire Last week, Peter texted me to say how very wrong I was about PhilHealth, and that he was e-mailing me a copy of a letter he had sent to his Singaporean friends back home. formal organization Indeed, no one would have blamed the PhilHealth people if they had opted to be more bureaucratic, given the ongoing high-profile inquiries into the corruption attending disbursements of public funds. Today, bureaucracy theory still informs how public administration articulates and understands organizations in the public sector. b. While the goal of public organizations is to do the peoples work to its best ability, we argue that if we guarantee human rights and use a rights-based approach, we create organizations in which humansin this case, employeescan better reach their full potential and feel empowered, therefore contributing to their ability to do the peoples work, ably and responsively.2 The human rights-based approach (HRBA) can provide a new lens through which to think about and apply bureaucracy, especially in public organizations. While not legally binding at the international level, the UDHR has been highly influential in the development of a global human rights doctrine and led to legally binding treaties such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) as well as a number of treaties that focus on the protection and promotion of human rights of specific groups (e.g., women, minoritized races, children, and people with disabilities). Here is that letters last paragraph: Amazingclaim submitted, processed, and payment received in one morning. b. teachers in a school district who work together to demand better wages a. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. laissez-faire The human relations movement cared about the treatment of employees, identifying more social elements of the workplace that can influence their productivity. b. a greater emphasis on sharing information. Bureaucracies, understood as organizations made up by humans, can be evaluated from a human rights perspective and assessed on whether practices and processes are human-rights friendly and represent values such as nondiscrimination, equity, and justice. b. From the organization perspective, inefficiencies may result, which is not a goal of bureaucracy. The economic results of cooperatives have been mixed; some are more profitable than private organizations, some are less. She, however, follows the norms . 2021). The __________ style of leadership would be most effective in this situation. Posted By : / forehand serve skill cues in badminton /; Under :lawrenceville school acceptance rate 2020lawrenceville school acceptance rate 2020 They are an example of a(n) __________. Total institutions, such as boot camps, prisons, and some mental hospitals, are examples of __________. normative part of the movement to humanize bureaucracy includesclove cigarettes online. Similarly, the use of human rights language has shown to contribute to individual empowerment and agency for underrepresented groups and foster more substantive visions of justice, provide a moral framework, and a common language to express core values of the organization with regards to equity (Ignatieff 2001). 17. a. d. outgroup, Susan and Mary are middle-aged women who have been neighbors for twenty-five years. Oh no, I said to myself, as I prepared to read a rant against the dysfunctional labyrinths of the Philippine bureaucracy. Psychology - The Biological Perspective, Communication - Writing Negative Messages Quiz level 3, Pre Exam Quiz 5; Human Development and Family Studies, Quiz Preview 10/ Psychology - Principles of Social Psychology, Quiz Facts 7' Psychology - Cognitive Functioning, Quiz Lot 2. b. B. greater responsibility for organizational leaders. C. a. Duty holder is usually the state as it is defined by international law (e.g., countries such as the USA or Mexico). Upon his discharge, Elvie filed for PhilHealth benefits on his behalf as a members spouse. 16. social boundaries b. Sociology Exam 2 (Ch. c. Instrumental Dyad v Triad. c. Individual d. affiliation, Sociologist Charles H. Cooley used the term __________ to describe a small, less specialized group in which members engage in face-to-face, emotion-based interactions over an extended period of time. a. the image a bureaucracy presents to the media affiliation d. cultural imperialism. Racialized burdens: Applying racialized organization theory to the administrative state. Which type of theorist is most likely to note the scripted nature of interaction in contemporary society. a. the active participation of both members is crucial to the survival of dyads. I assured him that PhilHealth is better run nowadays and though it might take a while to process the claim, he would eventually get his reimbursement. b. grassroots b. part of the movement to humanize bureaucracy includes. For some civil and political rights, the goal is to limit the impact of the government in individual affairs. c. primary groups Bureaucratic focus on efficiency can be at the expense of equity and human rights. A greater emphasis on sharing information. Expectations for employee performance should shift attention away from the traditional focus on efficiency, outputs, and service delivery to consider the human rights-friendliness of practice. b. functionalists Human rights indicators: A guide to measurement and implementation. Which of the following is NOT one of the categories that he identified? ___________ refers to a violation of law or the commission of a status offense (such as cutting school or running away from home) by young people. Erin L Borry, Tina Kempin Reuter, Humanizing Bureaucracy: Applying the Human Rights-Based Approach to Webers Bureaucracy, Perspectives on Public Management and Governance, Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2022, Pages 164173, https://doi.org/10.1093/ppmgov/gvac004. b. d. shared interests, A(n) __________ is a group to which a person belongs and with which the person feels a sense of identity. Thus, written rules may not end up in consistent compliance, and they, and resulting behaviors, may not be compatible with the human rights principles of nondiscrimination, transparency and accountability, access, and agency by underrepresented groups. Which of the following is a purpose of groups according to classical functionalist theorists? The cases of Anna and Genie are presented in the text in order to illustrate the point that_____________________________. Mabuhay Pilipinas, Mabuhay PhilHealth!. are frequent within bureaucracy, this is an example of __________. Applying the terms for problems that are frequent within bureaucracy, this is an example of __________. b. c. groupthink It includes specific measures, such as equal opportunity and diversity initiatives, maternity and family leave practices, social security networks, childcare initiatives, salary conditions, and employment right violations. Strengths and weaknesses in a human rights-based approach to international developmentAn analysis of a rights-based approach to development assistance based on practical experiences. impersonal conversations is to ______ group, as personal, emotion-based conversations is to _____ group. a. dispersion. It also serves to empower individuals to shape their own affairs through the right to political participation or access public services equally (Art. formal group predictability c. coercive The tendency for a bureaucracy to be ruled by the few is termed. A lowly employee may often find it safer and easier to insist on formal compliance with the rules, rather than go the extra mile to deliver substantive service. These bonds are considered risk-free, so the rates given here are risk-free rates (rRF)\left(\mathrm{r}_{\mathrm{RF}}\right)(rRF). d. category, Women with blue eyes, people who wear contact lenses, people over 7 feet tall, and college men who belong to a fraternity are each an example of a(n) __________. b. b. A human rights framework can be used to evaluate processes and organization of institutions and their outcomes to see whether they represent fundamental human rights principles such as nondiscrimination, equity, and justice. Here, we address how current applications of bureaucratic elementsmerit and neutrality, as well as bureaucratic rulesmay not respect human rights. d. grassroots, A(n) __________ organization is a highly structured secondary group formed for the purpose of achieving specific goals in the most efficient manner.
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